Nuxt•3w ago

How to access data env in composable?

How to get data from env in composable?

17 Replies

Hi @Adnan Erlansyah. I'm kapa.ai, your friendly support bot. I will try to answer your question by searching through the knowledge base. :wave: ---------------------- To access environment variables or runtime configuration data in a Nuxt 3 composable, you can use the useRuntimeConfig() composable. Here's how you can do it: 1. First, define your environment variables in the runtimeConfig section of your nuxt.config.ts file:

export default defineNuxtConfig({
  runtimeConfig: {
    // Private keys are only available on the server
    apiSecret: '123',

    // Public keys that are exposed to the client
    public: {
      apiBase: process.env.NUXT_PUBLIC_API_BASE || '/api'
    }
  }
})

export default defineNuxtConfig({
  runtimeConfig: {
    // Private keys are only available on the server
    apiSecret: '123',

    // Public keys that are exposed to the client
    public: {
      apiBase: process.env.NUXT_PUBLIC_API_BASE || '/api'
    }
  }
})

2. Then, in your composable, you can access these variables using useRuntimeConfig():

export default function useMyComposable() {
  const config = useRuntimeConfig()
  
  // Access public variables
  const apiBase = config.public.apiBase
  
  // Access private variables (only available on the server)
  if (import.meta.server) {
    const apiSecret = config.apiSecret
  }

  // Your composable logic here
  
  return {
    // Return values as needed
  }
}

export default function useMyComposable() {
  const config = useRuntimeConfig()
  
  // Access public variables
  const apiBase = config.public.apiBase
  
  // Access private variables (only available on the server)
  if (import.meta.server) {
    const apiSecret = config.apiSecret
  }

  // Your composable logic here
  
  return {
    // Return values as needed
  }
}

Remember that private variables (those not in the public object) are only available on the server side. It's important to note that you should not put any secret values inside the app.config file, as it is exposed to the user client bundle Nuxt Configuration (https://nuxt.com/docs/getting-started/configuration#nuxt-configuration). Also, make sure to access environment variables within the event lifecycle and not in global contexts when deploying to certain platforms like Cloudflare Cloudflare Deployment (https://nitro.unjs.io/deploy/providers/cloudflare#environment-variables). By using useRuntimeConfig(), you can access your environment variables and runtime configuration in a composable, ensuring that your application remains flexible and environment-aware. ---------------------- Note: you can ask me a follow up question by @ mentioning me again :speech_balloon: ----------------------

kapa.ai•3w ago

<@1079709612078534676> Kapa.ai is still learning and improving, please let me know how I did by reacting below.

Adnan ErlansyahOP•3w ago

how about if I want to access from this object in nuxt config? @kapa.ai appConfig: { nodeEnv: process.env.NODE_ENV, baseURL: process.env.BASE_URL, servicesAPI: process.env.SERVICE_API ?? '', vueAppMode: process.env.VUE_APP_MODE, bypassKey: process.env.BYPASS_KEY ?? '', },

kapa.ai•3w ago

Let me check the knowledge base for you again. One moment! :books: ---------------------- To access the appConfig object defined in your Nuxt configuration, you should use the useAppConfig() composable instead of useRuntimeConfig(). Here's how you can access the values from the appConfig object you've defined:

import { useAppConfig } from '#app'

export function useMyComposable() {
  const appConfig = useAppConfig()

  // Now you can access the properties
  const nodeEnv = appConfig.nodeEnv
  const baseURL = appConfig.baseURL
  const servicesAPI = appConfig.servicesAPI
  const vueAppMode = appConfig.vueAppMode
  const bypassKey = appConfig.bypassKey

  // Your composable logic here

  return {
    // Return values as needed
  }
}

import { useAppConfig } from '#app'

export function useMyComposable() {
  const appConfig = useAppConfig()

  // Now you can access the properties
  const nodeEnv = appConfig.nodeEnv
  const baseURL = appConfig.baseURL
  const servicesAPI = appConfig.servicesAPI
  const vueAppMode = appConfig.vueAppMode
  const bypassKey = appConfig.bypassKey

  // Your composable logic here

  return {
    // Return values as needed
  }
}

The useAppConfig() composable allows you to access the app configuration defined in your nuxt.config.ts file or in a separate app.config.ts file Docs > Api > Composables > useAppConfig (https://nuxt.com/docs/api/composables/use-app-config). However, it's important to note a few things: 1. The appConfig is meant for public configuration that is determined at build time. It's not suitable for sensitive information or values that need to change at runtime Nuxt Configuration (https://nuxt.com/docs/getting-started/configuration#app-configuration). 2. Environment variables (process.env) are typically not directly accessible in the client-side code. If you need to use environment variables, it's better to use runtimeConfig instead of appConfig for security reasons Runtime Config (https://nuxt.com/docs/guide/going-further/runtime-config#reading). 3. If you really need to use environment variables in appConfig, make sure they are available at build time and don't contain sensitive information. For a more secure approach, especially for sensitive data or values that need to be determined at runtime, consider using runtimeConfig instead:

export default defineNuxtConfig({
  runtimeConfig: {
    // Private keys are only available on the server
    bypassKey: process.env.BYPASS_KEY,
    // Public keys that are exposed to the client
    public: {
      nodeEnv: process.env.NODE_ENV,
      baseURL: process.env.BASE_URL,
      servicesAPI: process.env.SERVICE_API,
      vueAppMode: process.env.VUE_APP_MODE,
    }
  }
})

export default defineNuxtConfig({
  runtimeConfig: {
    // Private keys are only available on the server
    bypassKey: process.env.BYPASS_KEY,
    // Public keys that are exposed to the client
    public: {
      nodeEnv: process.env.NODE_ENV,
      baseURL: process.env.BASE_URL,
      servicesAPI: process.env.SERVICE_API,
      vueAppMode: process.env.VUE_APP_MODE,
    }
  }
})

Then you can access these values using useRuntimeConfig() as described in the previous answer. Remember, the appConfig is exposed to the client, so avoid putting any secret values there Docs > Guide > Directory-structure > app.config.ts (https://nuxt.com/docs/guide/directory-structure/app-config#usage). ---------------------- Note: you can ask me a follow up question by @ mentioning me again :speech_balloon: ----------------------

kapa.ai•3w ago

<@1079709612078534676> Kapa.ai is still learning and improving, please let me know how I did by reacting below.

Adnan ErlansyahOP•3w ago

Is it secure to use runTimeConfig for the secret key @kapa.ai ?

kapa.ai•3w ago

Let me check the knowledge base for you again. One moment! :books: ---------------------- Yes, it is generally secure to use runtimeConfig for secret keys in Nuxt 3, but with some important caveats and best practices to keep in mind: 1. Server-side only: Secret keys should be placed in the top-level of runtimeConfig, not in the public section. This ensures they are only available on the server-side and not exposed to the client. Docs > Guide > Going-further > Runtime Config (https://nuxt.com/docs/guide/going-further/runtime-config#exposing) 2. Environment variables: It's recommended to use environment variables to set secret values at runtime, rather than hardcoding them in your nuxt.config.ts file. Docs > Guide > Going-further > Runtime Config > Environment Variables (https://nuxt.com/docs/guide/going-further/runtime-config#environment-variables) 3. Proper usage: When accessing secret keys, make sure to do so only in server-side code, such as API routes or server middleware. Docs > Guide > Going-further > Runtime Config > Reading (https://nuxt.com/docs/guide/going-further/runtime-config#reading) Here's an example of how to properly set up and use a secret key:

// nuxt.config.ts
export default defineNuxtConfig({
  runtimeConfig: {
    apiSecret: '', // Will be set by NUXT_API_SECRET environment variable at runtime
  }
})

// server/api/example.ts
export default defineEventHandler((event) => {
  const config = useRuntimeConfig(event)
  const apiSecret = config.apiSecret
  // Use apiSecret securely here
})

// nuxt.config.ts
export default defineNuxtConfig({
  runtimeConfig: {
    apiSecret: '', // Will be set by NUXT_API_SECRET environment variable at runtime
  }
})

// server/api/example.ts
export default defineEventHandler((event) => {
  const config = useRuntimeConfig(event)
  const apiSecret = config.apiSecret
  // Use apiSecret securely here
})

However, it's crucial to note that while runtimeConfig is designed to handle sensitive information, the security of your secret keys also depends on how you manage your environment variables and deploy your application. Always follow best practices for handling sensitive data in your specific deployment environment. Also, be aware of a common mistake: don't set the default value of runtimeConfig properties to differently named environment variables. This can lead to issues at runtime. YouTube: Nuxt's runtimeConfig - The most common mistake (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_FYV5WfiWvs) Remember, no system is 100% secure, and it's your responsibility to ensure that your secret keys are properly protected throughout your application's lifecycle, from development to production. ---------------------- Note: you can ask me a follow up question by @ mentioning me again :speech_balloon: ----------------------

kapa.ai•3w ago

<@1079709612078534676> Kapa.ai is still learning and improving, please let me know how I did by reacting below.

Adnan ErlansyahOP•3w ago

@kapa.ai I've already set up like this, but the result bypassKey is still shown. - my composable

// @ts-nocheck
import crypto from "crypto-js";

export default function useCrypto() {
    const config = useRuntimeConfig()

    // Bypass key from .env (simulated here, replace with actual loading mechanism)
    const secretKey = config.bypassKey ?? 'default-secret-key';

}

// @ts-nocheck
import crypto from "crypto-js";

export default function useCrypto() {
    const config = useRuntimeConfig()

    // Bypass key from .env (simulated here, replace with actual loading mechanism)
    const secretKey = config.bypassKey ?? 'default-secret-key';

}

- nuxt.config.ts

  runtimeConfig: {
    bypassKey: '',
    public: {
      nodeEnv: process.env.NODE_ENV,
      baseURL: process.env.BASE_URL,
      servicesAPI: process.env.SERVICE_API ?? '',
      vueAppMode: process.env.VUE_APP_MODE,
    }
  },

  runtimeConfig: {
    bypassKey: '',
    public: {
      nodeEnv: process.env.NODE_ENV,
      baseURL: process.env.BASE_URL,
      servicesAPI: process.env.SERVICE_API ?? '',
      vueAppMode: process.env.VUE_APP_MODE,
    }
  },

- .env

# Secret Keys
NUXT_BYPASS_KEY=helloworld32

# Secret Keys
NUXT_BYPASS_KEY=helloworld32

kapa.ai•3w ago

Let me check the knowledge base for you again. One moment! :books: ---------------------- Based on the information you've provided, it seems there might be a misunderstanding or a small configuration issue. Let's address this step by step: 1. Configuration in nuxt.config.ts: Your configuration looks correct. You've placed bypassKey in the top-level of runtimeConfig, which means it should only be available on the server-side. 2. Environment variable: The environment variable is set correctly in your .env file as NUXT_BYPASS_KEY=helloworld32. 3. Composable usage: Your composable useCrypto is accessing the bypassKey correctly using useRuntimeConfig(). However, there are a few things to consider: 1. Server-side only: The bypassKey should only be accessible on the server-side. If you're seeing it on the client-side, it might be because you're using this composable in a client-side context. 2. Naming convention: Make sure the naming convention matches. In your nuxt.config.ts, you have bypassKey, but the environment variable is NUXT_BYPASS_KEY. Nuxt automatically maps NUXT_ prefixed environment variables to the runtimeConfig, so this should work, but it's worth double-checking. 3. Build vs Runtime: Remember that the .env file is only read during development and build time, not at runtime in production Docs > Guide > Directory-structure > .env (https://nuxt.com/docs/guide/directory-structure/env#dev-build-and-generate-time). In production, you need to set the actual environment variable. 4. Checking the value: How are you verifying that the bypassKey is shown? If you're console logging it or rendering it in a component, that could explain why you're seeing it when you shouldn't. To ensure the bypassKey is truly private, try this:

export default function useCrypto() {
    const config = useRuntimeConfig()
if (import.meta.server) {
        console.log('Server-side bypassKey:', config.bypassKey)
    } else {
        console.log('Client-side bypassKey:', config.bypassKey)
    }

    // Rest of your code...
}

export default function useCrypto() {
    const config = useRuntimeConfig()
if (import.meta.server) {
        console.log('Server-side bypassKey:', config.bypassKey)
    } else {
        console.log('Client-side bypassKey:', config.bypassKey)
    }

    // Rest of your code...
}

This will help you determine if the bypassKey is indeed only available on the server-side as it should be. If you're still seeing the bypassKey on the client-side after these checks, there might be an issue with your Nuxt configuration or how the application is being built and served. In that case, you might want to double-check your Nuxt version and ensure you're using the latest stable release, as there have been improvements to runtime config handling in recent versions. Remember, for security reasons, always ensure that sensitive data like bypassKey is only used in server-side code and never exposed to the client. ---------------------- Note: you can ask me a follow up question by @ mentioning me again :speech_balloon: ----------------------

kapa.ai•3w ago

<@1079709612078534676> Kapa.ai is still learning and improving, please let me know how I did by reacting below.

Adnan ErlansyahOP•3w ago

@kapa.ai And then how I would be able to use the environment variable inside the method of composable. I mean from this one.

    /**
     * Encrypt data using crypto
     * @param {Object} data - The data to encrypt
     * @returns {String} - Encrypted data in base64 format
     */
    const encrypt = (data: any) => {
        console.log(secretKey)
        try {
            const dataString = JSON.stringify(data); // Convert data to string
            const encrypted = crypto.AES.encrypt(dataString, secretKey).toString(); // Encrypt using AES
            return encrypted;
        } catch (error) {
            console.error("Encryption failed:", error);
            throw error;
        }
    };

    /**
     * Encrypt data using crypto
     * @param {Object} data - The data to encrypt
     * @returns {String} - Encrypted data in base64 format
     */
    const encrypt = (data: any) => {
        console.log(secretKey)
        try {
            const dataString = JSON.stringify(data); // Convert data to string
            const encrypted = crypto.AES.encrypt(dataString, secretKey).toString(); // Encrypt using AES
            return encrypted;
        } catch (error) {
            console.error("Encryption failed:", error);
            throw error;
        }
    };

kapa.ai•3w ago

Let me check the knowledge base for you again. One moment! :books: ---------------------- To use the environment variable inside the method of your composable, you need to ensure that you're accessing it correctly and securely. Here's how you can modify your encrypt method to use the bypassKey from the runtime config:

import crypto from "crypto-js";

export default function useCrypto() {
    const config = useRuntimeConfig()

    /**
     * Encrypt data using crypto
     * @param {Object} data - The data to encrypt
     * @returns {String} - Encrypted data in base64 format
     */
    const encrypt = (data: any) => {
        if (import.meta.server) {
            const secretKey = config.bypassKey || 'default-secret-key';
            try {
                const dataString = JSON.stringify(data);
                const encrypted = crypto.AES.encrypt(dataString, secretKey).toString();
                return encrypted;
            } catch (error) {
                console.error("Encryption failed:", error);
                throw error;
            }
        } else {
            console.error("Encryption can only be performed on the server side");
            throw new Error("Encryption is not available on the client side");
        }
    };

    return {
        encrypt
    };
}

import crypto from "crypto-js";

export default function useCrypto() {
    const config = useRuntimeConfig()

    /**
     * Encrypt data using crypto
     * @param {Object} data - The data to encrypt
     * @returns {String} - Encrypted data in base64 format
     */
    const encrypt = (data: any) => {
        if (import.meta.server) {
            const secretKey = config.bypassKey || 'default-secret-key';
            try {
                const dataString = JSON.stringify(data);
                const encrypted = crypto.AES.encrypt(dataString, secretKey).toString();
                return encrypted;
            } catch (error) {
                console.error("Encryption failed:", error);
                throw error;
            }
        } else {
            console.error("Encryption can only be performed on the server side");
            throw new Error("Encryption is not available on the client side");
        }
    };

    return {
        encrypt
    };
}

Here's what's changed and why: 1. We've moved the secretKey inside the encrypt function to ensure it's only accessed when the function is called. 2. We've wrapped the encryption logic in an if (import.meta.server) check. This ensures that the encryption only happens on the server side, where the secret key is available Docs > Guide > Going-further > Runtime Config > Reading (https://nuxt.com/docs/guide/going-further/runtime-config#reading). 3. If the encrypt function is called on the client side, it will throw an error. This is a security measure to prevent any attempts to use the secret key on the client side. 4. We're using config.bypassKey directly instead of a separate secretKey variable. This ensures we're always using the most up-to-date value from the runtime config. 5. We've kept the fallback to a default key, but remember that in a real-world scenario, you should handle the absence of a secret key more robustly, perhaps by throwing an error. To use this composable in your application:

// In a server-side context (e.g., an API route)
import useCrypto from '~/composables/useCrypto'

export default defineEventHandler(async (event) => {
  const { encrypt } = useCrypto()
  
  const sensitiveData = { user: 'John Doe', password: '12345' }
  const encryptedData = encrypt(sensitiveData)
  
  // Use encryptedData as needed
})

// In a server-side context (e.g., an API route)
import useCrypto from '~/composables/useCrypto'

export default defineEventHandler(async (event) => {
  const { encrypt } = useCrypto()
  
  const sensitiveData = { user: 'John Doe', password: '12345' }
  const encryptedData = encrypt(sensitiveData)
  
  // Use encryptedData as needed
})

Remember, this setup ensures that the encryption only happens on the server side, where the secret key is available. If you need to encrypt data on the client side, you'll need to set up a server API endpoint to handle the encryption and return the result to the client. Also, make sure you're setting the NUXT_BYPASS_KEY environment variable in your production environment, not just in the .env file, as the .env file is typically not used in production Docs > Guide > Going-further > Runtime Config > Environment Variables (https://nuxt.com/docs/guide/going-further/runtime-config#environment-variables). YouTube: Nuxt's runtimeConfig - The most common mistake (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2tKOZc3Z1dk) ---------------------- Note: you can ask me a follow up question by @ mentioning me again :speech_balloon: ----------------------

kapa.ai•3w ago

<@1079709612078534676> Kapa.ai is still learning and improving, please let me know how I did by reacting below.

Adnan ErlansyahOP•3w ago

@kapa.ai If so, then I wouldn't be able to encrypt the data in client side, although I need it to use the secret key to be able encrypt and decrypt from the client side. I just want to take the environment variables without any user know about the key.

kapa.ai•3w ago

Let me check the knowledge base for you again. One moment! :books: ---------------------- I understand your desire to encrypt data on the client-side using a secret key from environment variables, but I must caution you that this approach is not secure and goes against best practices for handling sensitive information in web applications. The fundamental issue is that any JavaScript code running on the client-side (in the user's browser) can be inspected and manipulated by the user. This means that if you make the secret key available on the client-side for encryption, it will also be accessible to anyone who looks at your application's source code or network requests. As explained in the Nuxt 3 documentation on Runtime Config (https://nuxt.com/docs/guide/going-further/runtime-config#exposing): "The private keys which are only available within server-side" This means that secret keys should never be exposed to the client-side. If you absolutely need to perform encryption and decryption on the client-side, you have a few options, but none of them involve using a server-side secret directly on the client: 1. Use a client-side generated key: Generate a unique key for each user session on the client-side. This doesn't provide the same level of security as a server-side secret, but it can offer some protection. 2. Use a key exchange protocol: Implement a secure key exchange between the client and server, such as Diffie-Hellman, to establish a shared secret without transmitting it directly. 3. Use server-side encryption: Send the data to your server for encryption and decryption. This keeps your secret key secure on the server. 4. Use a third-party service: Some services provide client-side encryption libraries that handle key management securely. Remember, the goal of encryption is to protect data from unauthorized access. If the encryption key is accessible on the client-side, it defeats the purpose of encryption in the first place. For a deeper understanding of the security implications, I recommend watching this video: YouTube: Nuxt 3: Is Nuxt 3's runtimeConfig UNSAFE?! (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2tKOZc3Z1dk) If you provide more details about your specific use case, I might be able to suggest a more secure alternative that meets your needs while maintaining proper security practices. ---------------------- Note: you can ask me a follow up question by @ mentioning me again :speech_balloon: ----------------------

kapa.ai•3w ago

<@1079709612078534676> Kapa.ai is still learning and improving, please let me know how I did by reacting below.

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How to access data env in composable?