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•Created by JIMC on 12/4/2023 in #questions

Trying to do compile time checking with 'const' type arguments.

struct ExposedSecret[T: AnyRegType]:
    var borrowed_value: T

    fn __init__(inout self, borrowed borrowed_value: T):
        self.borrowed_value = borrowed_value

struct Secret[T: AnyRegType, MEC: Int, EC: Int]:
    var inner: T

    fn __init__[EC: Int=EC](inout self, owned value: T):
        constrained[EC == 0, "`Secret[T, MEC, EC]` can only be constructed iff `EC == 0`"]()
        self.inner = value

    @staticmethod
    fn ec_add_one(owned other: Self) -> Secret[T, MEC, EC + 1]:
        return other^

    fn expose_secret[ReturnedType: AnyRegType](owned self, owned closure:
        fn(exposed_secret: ExposedSecret[T]) capturing -> ReturnedType) 
        -> ListLiteral[ReturnedType, Secret[T, MEC, EC + 1]]:
            constrained[EC < MEC, "`expose_secret` can only be called if `EC < MEC`"]()
            let returned_value = closure(ExposedSecret[T])
            let new_self = Secret.ec_add_one(self^)
            return [returned_value, new_self]

fn main():
    let my_secret = Secret[Int, 3, 2](69)
    
    @parameter
    fn capturing_closure_but_actually_never_capture(borrowed exposed_secret: ExposedSecret[Int]) -> Int:
        return exposed_secret.borrowed_value

    let my_69_secret_tuple = my_secret^.expose_secret[Int](capturing_closure_but_actually_never_capture)
    let returned_69_secret = my_69_secret_tuple.get[0, Int]()
    let my_new_secret = my_69_secret_tuple^.get[1, Secret[Int, 3, 3]]()

struct ExposedSecret[T: AnyRegType]:
    var borrowed_value: T

    fn __init__(inout self, borrowed borrowed_value: T):
        self.borrowed_value = borrowed_value

struct Secret[T: AnyRegType, MEC: Int, EC: Int]:
    var inner: T

    fn __init__[EC: Int=EC](inout self, owned value: T):
        constrained[EC == 0, "`Secret[T, MEC, EC]` can only be constructed iff `EC == 0`"]()
        self.inner = value

    @staticmethod
    fn ec_add_one(owned other: Self) -> Secret[T, MEC, EC + 1]:
        return other^

    fn expose_secret[ReturnedType: AnyRegType](owned self, owned closure:
        fn(exposed_secret: ExposedSecret[T]) capturing -> ReturnedType) 
        -> ListLiteral[ReturnedType, Secret[T, MEC, EC + 1]]:
            constrained[EC < MEC, "`expose_secret` can only be called if `EC < MEC`"]()
            let returned_value = closure(ExposedSecret[T])
            let new_self = Secret.ec_add_one(self^)
            return [returned_value, new_self]

fn main():
    let my_secret = Secret[Int, 3, 2](69)
    
    @parameter
    fn capturing_closure_but_actually_never_capture(borrowed exposed_secret: ExposedSecret[Int]) -> Int:
        return exposed_secret.borrowed_value

    let my_69_secret_tuple = my_secret^.expose_secret[Int](capturing_closure_but_actually_never_capture)
    let returned_69_secret = my_69_secret_tuple.get[0, Int]()
    let my_new_secret = my_69_secret_tuple^.get[1, Secret[Int, 3, 3]]()

The error:

/root/mojo_projs/sosecrets-mojo/src/secret.mojo:42:70: error: invalid call to 'get': result cannot bind AnyRegType type to memory-only type 'Secret[Int, 3, 3]'
    let my_new_secret = my_69_secret_tuple^.get[1, Secret[Int, 3, 3]]()
                                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^~
/root/mojo_projs/sosecrets-mojo/src/secret.mojo:1:1: note: function declared here

^
mojo: error: failed to parse the provided Mojo

/root/mojo_projs/sosecrets-mojo/src/secret.mojo:42:70: error: invalid call to 'get': result cannot bind AnyRegType type to memory-only type 'Secret[Int, 3, 3]'
    let my_new_secret = my_69_secret_tuple^.get[1, Secret[Int, 3, 3]]()
                                          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^~
/root/mojo_projs/sosecrets-mojo/src/secret.mojo:1:1: note: function declared here

^
mojo: error: failed to parse the provided Mojo

11 replies

MModular

•Created by JIMC on 10/15/2023 in #questions

`if` Statement doesn't work??? :astonished:

Consider this:

@register_passable("trivial")
struct U69:
    var value: __mlir_type.ui69

    alias MAX: Int = 590295810358705651711
    alias ZERO: Int = 0

    alias greater_than_255_err_msg: StringLiteral = "Unable to parameterize a value of type `U69` with an integer value greater than 590295810358705651711"
    alias lesser_than_0_err_msg: StringLiteral = "Unable to parameterize a value of type `U69` with a negative integer value"

    @always_inline("nodebug")
    fn __init__(N: Int) raises -> Self:
        print("In `__init__`, `N` is: ", N)
        if N > Self.MAX:
            raise Error(Self.greater_than_255_err_msg)
        if N < Self.ZERO:
            raise Error(Self.lesser_than_0_err_msg)
        return Self {
            value: __mlir_op.`index.castu`[_type = __mlir_type.ui69](N.__mlir_index__())
        }

    @always_inline("nodebug")
    fn __into_int__(owned self) -> Int:
        return __mlir_op.`index.castu`[_type = __mlir_type.index](self.value)

    @always_inline("nodebug")
    fn __into_mlir_u69__(self) -> __mlir_type.ui69:
        return self.value

    @always_inline("nodebug")
    fn __add__(self: Self, other: Self) raises -> Self:
        let lhs = __mlir_op.`index.castu`[_type = __mlir_type.index](self.__into_mlir_u69__())
        let rhs = __mlir_op.`index.castu`[_type = __mlir_type.index](other.__into_mlir_u69__())
        let result = __mlir_op.`index.add`[](lhs, rhs)
        return U69(Int(result))


fn main() raises:
    let c: U69 = 2
    print(c.__into_int__())

@register_passable("trivial")
struct U69:
    var value: __mlir_type.ui69

    alias MAX: Int = 590295810358705651711
    alias ZERO: Int = 0

    alias greater_than_255_err_msg: StringLiteral = "Unable to parameterize a value of type `U69` with an integer value greater than 590295810358705651711"
    alias lesser_than_0_err_msg: StringLiteral = "Unable to parameterize a value of type `U69` with a negative integer value"

    @always_inline("nodebug")
    fn __init__(N: Int) raises -> Self:
        print("In `__init__`, `N` is: ", N)
        if N > Self.MAX:
            raise Error(Self.greater_than_255_err_msg)
        if N < Self.ZERO:
            raise Error(Self.lesser_than_0_err_msg)
        return Self {
            value: __mlir_op.`index.castu`[_type = __mlir_type.ui69](N.__mlir_index__())
        }

    @always_inline("nodebug")
    fn __into_int__(owned self) -> Int:
        return __mlir_op.`index.castu`[_type = __mlir_type.index](self.value)

    @always_inline("nodebug")
    fn __into_mlir_u69__(self) -> __mlir_type.ui69:
        return self.value

    @always_inline("nodebug")
    fn __add__(self: Self, other: Self) raises -> Self:
        let lhs = __mlir_op.`index.castu`[_type = __mlir_type.index](self.__into_mlir_u69__())
        let rhs = __mlir_op.`index.castu`[_type = __mlir_type.index](other.__into_mlir_u69__())
        let result = __mlir_op.`index.add`[](lhs, rhs)
        return U69(Int(result))


fn main() raises:
    let c: U69 = 2
    print(c.__into_int__())

Then run mojo, I got this:

mojo src/u69.mojo
In `__init__`, `N` is:  2
Unhandled exception caught during execution: Unable to parameterize a value of type `U69` with an integer value greater than 590295810358705651711
mojo: error: execution exited with a non-zero result: 1

mojo src/u69.mojo
In `__init__`, `N` is:  2
Unhandled exception caught during execution: Unable to parameterize a value of type `U69` with an integer value greater than 590295810358705651711
mojo: error: execution exited with a non-zero result: 1

Hmmm, 2 is definitely lesser than Self.MAX=590295810358705651711, what happened? @ModularStaff

6 replies

MModular

•Created by JIMC on 9/20/2023 in #questions

Cross-directory Imports

4 replies

MModular

•Created by JIMC on 9/11/2023 in #questions

Compile time `U8`

@Modular Staff I'm writing to write a struct U8 that kind of models after Int. Here is my impl:

struct U8:
   var value: __mlir_type.ui8

   fn __init__(inout self, value: Int):
      let value_as_index = value.__mlir_index__()
      let _255 = __mlir_op.`index.castu`[_type : __mlir_type.index](__mlir_attr.`255`)
      let greater_than_255 = __mlir_op.`index.cmp`[pred : __mlir_attr.`#index<cmp_predicate ugt>`](value_as_index, _255)
      let _0 = __mlir_op.`index.castu`[_type : __mlir_type.index](__mlir_attr.`0`)
      let lesser_than_0 = __mlir_op.`index.cmp`[pred : __mlir_attr.`#index<cmp_predicate ult>`](value_as_index, _0)
      self.value = __mlir_op.`index.castu`[_type: __mlir_type.ui8](value_as_index)

struct U8:
   var value: __mlir_type.ui8

   fn __init__(inout self, value: Int):
      let value_as_index = value.__mlir_index__()
      let _255 = __mlir_op.`index.castu`[_type : __mlir_type.index](__mlir_attr.`255`)
      let greater_than_255 = __mlir_op.`index.cmp`[pred : __mlir_attr.`#index<cmp_predicate ugt>`](value_as_index, _255)
      let _0 = __mlir_op.`index.castu`[_type : __mlir_type.index](__mlir_attr.`0`)
      let lesser_than_0 = __mlir_op.`index.cmp`[pred : __mlir_attr.`#index<cmp_predicate ult>`](value_as_index, _0)
      self.value = __mlir_op.`index.castu`[_type: __mlir_type.ui8](value_as_index)

It does check for the range (0-255) but not shown because the code snippet is sufficient to showcase the error I faced which is:

root@DESKTOP-N84UN90:~/mojo_projs/marray# mojo array3.mojo
/__w/modular/modular/Kernels/mojo/builtin/_startup.mojo:70:1: error: no viable expansions found
/__w/modular/modular/Kernels/mojo/builtin/_startup.mojo:70:1: note:   call expansion failed - no concrete specializations
/__w/modular/modular/Kernels/mojo/builtin/_startup.mojo:11:1: note:     no viable expansions found
/__w/modular/modular/Kernels/mojo/builtin/_startup.mojo:23:14: note:       call expansion failed - no concrete specializations
array3.mojo:31:1: note:         no viable expansions found
fn main():
^
array3.mojo:32:4: note:           failed to evaluate 'apply'
   alias a: U8 = 4
   ^
array3.mojo:5:4: note:             failed to interpret function @$array3::U8::__init__($array3::U8=&,$builtin::$int::Int)_concrete
   fn __init__(inout self, value: Int):
   ^
array3.mojo:13:67: note:               failed to fold operation index.castu(4 : index)
      self.value = __mlir_op.`index.castu`[_type: __mlir_type.ui8](value_as_index)
                                                                  ^
mojo: error: failed to run the pass manager

root@DESKTOP-N84UN90:~/mojo_projs/marray# mojo array3.mojo
/__w/modular/modular/Kernels/mojo/builtin/_startup.mojo:70:1: error: no viable expansions found
/__w/modular/modular/Kernels/mojo/builtin/_startup.mojo:70:1: note:   call expansion failed - no concrete specializations
/__w/modular/modular/Kernels/mojo/builtin/_startup.mojo:11:1: note:     no viable expansions found
/__w/modular/modular/Kernels/mojo/builtin/_startup.mojo:23:14: note:       call expansion failed - no concrete specializations
array3.mojo:31:1: note:         no viable expansions found
fn main():
^
array3.mojo:32:4: note:           failed to evaluate 'apply'
   alias a: U8 = 4
   ^
array3.mojo:5:4: note:             failed to interpret function @$array3::U8::__init__($array3::U8=&,$builtin::$int::Int)_concrete
   fn __init__(inout self, value: Int):
   ^
array3.mojo:13:67: note:               failed to fold operation index.castu(4 : index)
      self.value = __mlir_op.`index.castu`[_type: __mlir_type.ui8](value_as_index)
                                                                  ^
mojo: error: failed to run the pass manager

21 replies

MModular

•Created by JIMC on 9/10/2023 in #questions

Compile time addition of numbers

I am trying to do compile time addition of numbers via generic types, e.g.

from memory import stack_allocation

struct IntType[num: Int]:
   alias value: Int = num

fn comptime_add[Num1: IntType[num1: Int], Num2: IntType[num2: Int]]() -> IntType[num1 + num2]:
   return Num1.value + Num2.value

from memory import stack_allocation

struct IntType[num: Int]:
   alias value: Int = num

fn comptime_add[Num1: IntType[num1: Int], Num2: IntType[num2: Int]]() -> IntType[num1 + num2]:
   return Num1.value + Num2.value

The errors are:

array2.mojo:6:31: error: use of unknown declaration 'num1'
fn comptime_add[Num1: IntType[num1: Int], Num2: IntType[num2: Int]]() -> IntType[num1 + num2]:
                              ^~~~
array2.mojo:6:57: error: use of unknown declaration 'num2'
fn comptime_add[Num1: IntType[num1: Int], Num2: IntType[num2: Int]]() -> IntType[num1 + num2]:
                                                        ^~~~
array2.mojo:6:82: error: use of unknown declaration 'num1'
fn comptime_add[Num1: IntType[num1: Int], Num2: IntType[num2: Int]]() -> IntType[num1 + num2]:
                                                                                 ^~~~
array2.mojo:6:89: error: use of unknown declaration 'num2'
fn comptime_add[Num1: IntType[num1: Int], Num2: IntType[num2: Int]]() -> IntType[num1 + num2]:

array2.mojo:6:31: error: use of unknown declaration 'num1'
fn comptime_add[Num1: IntType[num1: Int], Num2: IntType[num2: Int]]() -> IntType[num1 + num2]:
                              ^~~~
array2.mojo:6:57: error: use of unknown declaration 'num2'
fn comptime_add[Num1: IntType[num1: Int], Num2: IntType[num2: Int]]() -> IntType[num1 + num2]:
                                                        ^~~~
array2.mojo:6:82: error: use of unknown declaration 'num1'
fn comptime_add[Num1: IntType[num1: Int], Num2: IntType[num2: Int]]() -> IntType[num1 + num2]:
                                                                                 ^~~~
array2.mojo:6:89: error: use of unknown declaration 'num2'
fn comptime_add[Num1: IntType[num1: Int], Num2: IntType[num2: Int]]() -> IntType[num1 + num2]:

How should I approach this?

2 replies

MModular

•Created by JIMC on 9/10/2023 in #questions

Error:cannot construct 'Array' from 'ListLiteral[Int, Int, Int, Int, Int]' value in 'var' initialize

I'm trying to create a Array[T: AnyType, N: Int] struct but encountered this error when trying to run it:

from memory import stack_allocation

struct Array[T: AnyType, N: Int]:
   constrained[N <= 32, "`size` of N cannot be larger than 1024"]()
   alias size: Int = N
   alias type: AnyType = T 

   var capacity: Int
   var length: Int
   var storage: Pointer[T]

   fn __init__[*Ts: AnyType](inout self, owned iterable: ListLiteral[Ts]) raises:
      if N != len(iterable):
         raise Error("`size` of `iterable` is not equal to the `size` of array")
      self.capacity = self.size * 2
      self.storage = stack_allocation[N*2, T]()
      let src: Pointer[T] = Pointer.address_of(iterable).bitcast[T]()
      for i in range(len(iterable)):
         self.storage.store(i, src.load(i))
      

fn main():
   var myarray: Array[Int, 5] = Array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])

from memory import stack_allocation

struct Array[T: AnyType, N: Int]:
   constrained[N <= 32, "`size` of N cannot be larger than 1024"]()
   alias size: Int = N
   alias type: AnyType = T 

   var capacity: Int
   var length: Int
   var storage: Pointer[T]

   fn __init__[*Ts: AnyType](inout self, owned iterable: ListLiteral[Ts]) raises:
      if N != len(iterable):
         raise Error("`size` of `iterable` is not equal to the `size` of array")
      self.capacity = self.size * 2
      self.storage = stack_allocation[N*2, T]()
      let src: Pointer[T] = Pointer.address_of(iterable).bitcast[T]()
      for i in range(len(iterable)):
         self.storage.store(i, src.load(i))
      

fn main():
   var myarray: Array[Int, 5] = Array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])

Please help.

41 replies

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