Nuxt•4mo ago

Using JWT in middleware

can't use jwt in middleware, throws an wierd error

5 Replies

Hi @FearArt. I'm kapa.ai, your friendly support bot. I will try to answer your question by searching through the knowledge base. :wave: ---------------------- To address your question about using JWT in middleware with Nuxt, it seems you're encountering an error. Based on the information provided in the knowledge sources, I can offer some insights and potential solutions. In Nuxt 3, the approach to handling authentication in middleware has changed compared to Nuxt 2. The app object is no longer available in the same way, which might be causing the "weird error" you're experiencing. Here's how you can approach using JWT in middleware with Nuxt 3: 1. Instead of using app, you can use composables and utilities provided by Nuxt 3. For example, you can use useRuntimeConfig() to access configuration values, and useFetch() or $fetch() for making API calls. 2. Here's an example of how you might structure your middleware:

export default defineNuxtRouteMiddleware(async (to, from) => {
  const config = useRuntimeConfig()
  const user = useUser() // Assuming you have a user composable

  try {
    const token = user.value?.jwt?.accessToken

    if (!token) {
      return navigateTo('/login')
    }

    // Make an API call to verify the token
    const response = await $fetch('/api/verify-token', {
      headers: {
        Authorization: `Bearer ${token}`
      }
    })

    if (!response.valid) {
      return navigateTo('/login')
    }

  } catch (error) {
    console.error('Error in auth middleware:', error)
    return navigateTo('/login')
  }
})

export default defineNuxtRouteMiddleware(async (to, from) => {
  const config = useRuntimeConfig()
  const user = useUser() // Assuming you have a user composable

  try {
    const token = user.value?.jwt?.accessToken

    if (!token) {
      return navigateTo('/login')
    }

    // Make an API call to verify the token
    const response = await $fetch('/api/verify-token', {
      headers: {
        Authorization: `Bearer ${token}`
      }
    })

    if (!response.valid) {
      return navigateTo('/login')
    }

  } catch (error) {
    console.error('Error in auth middleware:', error)
    return navigateTo('/login')
  }
})

This example assumes you have a user store or composable that holds the JWT. It also uses navigateTo() for redirects, which is the recommended way in Nuxt 3 as mentioned in the Nuxt documentation (https://nuxt.com/docs/api/utils/abort-navigation). 3. If you're still encountering issues, make sure you're not calling any composables outside of the defineNuxtRouteMiddleware function, as this can cause errors as noted in this Stack Overflow post (https://stackoverflow.com/questions/77500768). 4. For handling refresh tokens and more complex authentication flows, you might want to create a custom plugin or composable to manage your API calls and token refresh logic, as demonstrated in this Nuxt documentation example (https://nuxt.com/docs/guide/recipes/custom-usefetch#custom-fetch). If you're still encountering specific errors, it would be helpful to know the exact error message you're receiving. Additionally, ensure that you're using the latest version of Nuxt 3, as some issues might have been resolved in recent updates. ---------------------- Note: you can ask me a follow up question by @ mentioning me again :speech_balloon: ----------------------

kapa.ai•4mo ago

<@360699173378588674> Kapa.ai is still learning and improving, please let me know how I did by reacting below.

FearArtOP•4mo ago

i don't have user composable @kapa.ai i don't have user composable

kapa.ai•4mo ago

Let me check the knowledge base for you again. One moment! :books: ---------------------- I understand that you don't have a user composable. In that case, we can modify the approach to handle JWT authentication in Nuxt 3 middleware without relying on a user composable. Here's an alternative method using cookies to store and retrieve the JWT: 1. First, you can use the useCookie composable to handle JWT storage. This is a built-in Nuxt 3 feature that allows you to work with cookies on both the client and server side. Here's how you can implement it in your middleware:

export default defineNuxtRouteMiddleware(async (to, from) => {
  const token = useCookie('jwt-token')

  if (!token.value) {
    return navigateTo('/login')
  }

  try {
    // Verify the token
    const response = await $fetch('/api/verify-token', {
      headers: {
        Authorization: `Bearer ${token.value}`
      }
    })

    if (!response.valid) {
      token.value = null // Clear the invalid token
      return navigateTo('/login')
    }
  } catch (error) {
    console.error('Error in auth middleware:', error)
    return navigateTo('/login')
  }
})

export default defineNuxtRouteMiddleware(async (to, from) => {
  const token = useCookie('jwt-token')

  if (!token.value) {
    return navigateTo('/login')
  }

  try {
    // Verify the token
    const response = await $fetch('/api/verify-token', {
      headers: {
        Authorization: `Bearer ${token.value}`
      }
    })

    if (!response.valid) {
      token.value = null // Clear the invalid token
      return navigateTo('/login')
    }
  } catch (error) {
    console.error('Error in auth middleware:', error)
    return navigateTo('/login')
  }
})

This approach uses useCookie to read the JWT from a cookie named 'jwt-token'. If the token doesn't exist or is invalid, it redirects to the login page. 2. To set the cookie when the user logs in, you can use the same useCookie composable in your login logic:

const token = useCookie('jwt-token')
token.value = 'your-jwt-token-here'

const token = useCookie('jwt-token')
token.value = 'your-jwt-token-here'

3. Remember to handle cookie expiration and secure cookie settings according to your security requirements. 4. If you need to access request headers, you can use the useRequestHeaders composable as shown in the Nuxt documentation (https://nuxt.com/docs/api/composables/use-request-headers):

const headers = useRequestHeaders(['cookie'])

const headers = useRequestHeaders(['cookie'])

This approach provides a simple way to handle JWT in Nuxt 3 middleware without needing a separate user composable. It leverages Nuxt's built-in features for cookie management and API requests. If you encounter any specific errors or have additional requirements, please let me know, and I'll be happy to provide further assistance. ---------------------- Note: you can ask me a follow up question by @ mentioning me again :speech_balloon: ----------------------

kapa.ai•4mo ago

<@360699173378588674> Kapa.ai is still learning and improving, please let me know how I did by reacting below.

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Using JWT in middleware

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