C#•11mo ago

How to structure query functions in services

I have the following function in my service layer csharp: PS: A category can have List<Item>

public async Task<List<Category>> GetCategories()
{
    await using var db = await contextFactory.CreateDbContextAsync();
    return await db.Categories
        .AsNoTracking()
        .OrderBy(c => c.Sort)
        .ToListAsync();
}

public async Task<List<Category>> GetCategories()
{
    await using var db = await contextFactory.CreateDbContextAsync();
    return await db.Categories
        .AsNoTracking()
        .OrderBy(c => c.Sort)
        .ToListAsync();
}

Sometimes I need GetCategories() to just be the Category without any navigation properties included. But also sometimes I need GetCategories() to also include the Items navigation property... I'm thinking of having two functions with two separate dtos (one has only the category, the other one has the category + the items). But I was wondering if there's a better way to do this

16 Replies

Angius•11mo ago

Definitely sounds like a job for two different methods, selecting into two different DTOs

Aslan Akbey•11mo ago

you can use IIncludableQueryable https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/microsoft.entityframeworkcore.query.iincludablequeryable-2?view=efcore-8.0

IIncludableQueryable Interface (Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Query)

Supports queryable Include/ThenInclude chaining operators.

Aslan Akbey•11mo ago

but you can use it only with ef core 🙂

UltraWelfareOP•11mo ago

Yeah I know about Include the question is how to structure it I could do a public async Task<List<Category>> GetCategories(bool includeItems)

Aslan Akbey•11mo ago

Task<IQueryable<T>> GetListAsync(Expression<Func<T, bool>>? predicate = null,
                                        Func<IQueryable<T>, IOrderedQueryable<T>>? orderBy = null,
                                        Func<IQueryable<T>, IIncludableQueryable<T, object>>? include = null,
                                        bool enableTracking = true,
                                        CancellationToken cancellationToken = default);

Task<IQueryable<T>> GetListAsync(Expression<Func<T, bool>>? predicate = null,
                                        Func<IQueryable<T>, IOrderedQueryable<T>>? orderBy = null,
                                        Func<IQueryable<T>, IIncludableQueryable<T, object>>? include = null,
                                        bool enableTracking = true,
                                        CancellationToken cancellationToken = default);

UltraWelfareOP•11mo ago

I don't think I'd like to make the consumer choose the includes...

Aslan Akbey•11mo ago

public async Task<IQueryable<T>> GetListAsync(Expression<Func<T, bool>>? predicate = null, Func<IQueryable<T>, IOrderedQueryable<T>>? orderBy = null, Func<IQueryable<T>, IIncludableQueryable<T, object>>? include = null, bool enableTracking = true, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default) { IQueryable<T> queryable = Table.AsQueryable(); if (!enableTracking) queryable = queryable.AsNoTracking(); if (include != null) queryable = include(queryable); if (predicate != null) queryable = queryable.Where(predicate); if (orderBy != null) return await Task.FromResult(orderBy(queryable)); return await Task.FromResult(queryable); }

UltraWelfareOP•11mo ago

Otherwise why bother having a service layer for the query? you could straight up get the context at the controller or in the desktop gui function and do everything there

Aslan Akbey•11mo ago

public async Task<IQueryable<T>> GetListAsync(Expression<Func<T, bool>>? predicate = null, Func<IQueryable<T>, IOrderedQueryable<T>>? orderBy = null, Func<IQueryable<T>, IIncludableQueryable<T, object>>? include = null, bool enableTracking = true, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
        {
            IQueryable<T> queryable = Table.AsQueryable();
            if (!enableTracking) queryable = queryable.AsNoTracking();
            if (include != null) queryable = include(queryable);
            if (predicate != null) queryable = queryable.Where(predicate);
            if (orderBy != null)
                return await Task.FromResult(orderBy(queryable));
            return await Task.FromResult(queryable);
        }

public async Task<IQueryable<T>> GetListAsync(Expression<Func<T, bool>>? predicate = null, Func<IQueryable<T>, IOrderedQueryable<T>>? orderBy = null, Func<IQueryable<T>, IIncludableQueryable<T, object>>? include = null, bool enableTracking = true, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
        {
            IQueryable<T> queryable = Table.AsQueryable();
            if (!enableTracking) queryable = queryable.AsNoTracking();
            if (include != null) queryable = include(queryable);
            if (predicate != null) queryable = queryable.Where(predicate);
            if (orderBy != null)
                return await Task.FromResult(orderBy(queryable));
            return await Task.FromResult(queryable);
        }

UltraWelfareOP•11mo ago

I appreciate your input but I'm a bit sceptical of making the consumer of the function be mindful about Includes

Aslan Akbey•11mo ago

You should define this in the data access or persistence layer and use it only in the service layer. What do you see as a problem? The only problem is that you cannot use it in Dapper or a similar orm other than EF Core.

Angius•11mo ago

public async Task<List<CategoryDto>> GetCategories()
{
    await using var db = await contextFactory.CreateDbContextAsync();
    return await db.Categories
        .OrderBy(c => c.Sort)
        .Select(c => new CategoryDto {
            Id = c.Id,
            Name = c.Name
        })
        .ToListAsync();
}

public async Task<List<CategoryDto>> GetCategories()
{
    await using var db = await contextFactory.CreateDbContextAsync();
    return await db.Categories
        .OrderBy(c => c.Sort)
        .Select(c => new CategoryDto {
            Id = c.Id,
            Name = c.Name
        })
        .ToListAsync();
}

public async Task<List<CategoryWithStuffDto>> GetCategoriesWithStuff()
{
    await using var db = await contextFactory.CreateDbContextAsync();
    return await db.Categories
        .OrderBy(c => c.Sort)
        .Select(c => new CategoryWithStuffDto {
            Id = c.Id,
            Name = c.Name,
            Stuff = c.Stuff.Select(s => new StuffDto {
                Name = s.Name,
                CreatedAt = c.CreatedAt
            })
        })
        .ToListAsync();
}

public async Task<List<CategoryWithStuffDto>> GetCategoriesWithStuff()
{
    await using var db = await contextFactory.CreateDbContextAsync();
    return await db.Categories
        .OrderBy(c => c.Sort)
        .Select(c => new CategoryWithStuffDto {
            Id = c.Id,
            Name = c.Name,
            Stuff = c.Stuff.Select(s => new StuffDto {
                Name = s.Name,
                CreatedAt = c.CreatedAt
            })
        })
        .ToListAsync();
}

That's how I'd do it

Aslan Akbey•11mo ago

sorry, I misunderstood the question

Angius•11mo ago

Well, ideally I'd just inject the context into the service instead of using the factory, but I guess you're using it in Blazor or some such

Aslan Akbey•11mo ago

I think factory is more performant I misunderstood the problem. Sorry, I just realized. I think you want to call the same method in two different ways in two different services in the Service Layer, is that correct?

UltraWelfareOP•11mo ago

Yep, blazor hybrid

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How to structure query functions in services