Syntax Overview

Someone was asking for an overview of available syntax. I ended up coming this and figured it would be useful to post it here. It doesn't include everything (notably most tuple expressions and scopes), but it's a good place to start:
import { type } from "arktype"

export const currentTsSyntax = type({
keyword: "null",
stringLiteral: "'TS'",
numberLiteral: "5",
bigintLiteral: "5n",
union: "string|number",
intersection: "boolean&true",
array: "Date[]",
grouping: "(0|1)[]",
objectLiteral: {
nested: "string",
"optional?": "number"
},
tuple: ["number", "number"]
})

// these features will be available in the upcoming release

export const upcomingTsSyntax = type({
keyof: "keyof bigint",
thisKeyword: "this", // recurses to the root of the current type
variadicTuples: ["true", "...false[]"]
})

export const validationSyntax = type({
keywords: "email|uuid|creditCard|integer", // and many more
builtinParsers: "parsedDate", // parses a Date from a string
nativeRegexLiteral: /@arktype\.io/,
embeddedRegexLiteral: "email&/@arktype\\.io/",
divisibility: "number%10", // a multiple of 10
bound: "alpha>10", // an alpha-only string with more than 10 characters
range: "1<=email[]<100", // a list of 1 to 99 emails
narrows: ["number", "=>", (n) => n % 2 === 1], // an odd integer
morphs: ["string", "|>", parseFloat] // validates a string input then parses it to a number
})

// in the upcoming release, you can use chaining to define expressions directly
// that use objects or functions that can't be embedded in strings

export const parseBigintLiteral = type({ value: "string" })
.and({
format: "'bigint'"
})
.narrow((data): data is { value: `${string}n`; format: "bigint" } =>
data.value.endsWith("n")
)
.morph((data) => BigInt(data.value.slice(-1)))

// data inferred as bigint | undefined
export const { data, problems } = parseBigintLiteral({value: "999n", format: "bigint"})
import { type } from "arktype"

export const currentTsSyntax = type({
keyword: "null",
stringLiteral: "'TS'",
numberLiteral: "5",
bigintLiteral: "5n",
union: "string|number",
intersection: "boolean&true",
array: "Date[]",
grouping: "(0|1)[]",
objectLiteral: {
nested: "string",
"optional?": "number"
},
tuple: ["number", "number"]
})

// these features will be available in the upcoming release

export const upcomingTsSyntax = type({
keyof: "keyof bigint",
thisKeyword: "this", // recurses to the root of the current type
variadicTuples: ["true", "...false[]"]
})

export const validationSyntax = type({
keywords: "email|uuid|creditCard|integer", // and many more
builtinParsers: "parsedDate", // parses a Date from a string
nativeRegexLiteral: /@arktype\.io/,
embeddedRegexLiteral: "email&/@arktype\\.io/",
divisibility: "number%10", // a multiple of 10
bound: "alpha>10", // an alpha-only string with more than 10 characters
range: "1<=email[]<100", // a list of 1 to 99 emails
narrows: ["number", "=>", (n) => n % 2 === 1], // an odd integer
morphs: ["string", "|>", parseFloat] // validates a string input then parses it to a number
})

// in the upcoming release, you can use chaining to define expressions directly
// that use objects or functions that can't be embedded in strings

export const parseBigintLiteral = type({ value: "string" })
.and({
format: "'bigint'"
})
.narrow((data): data is { value: `${string}n`; format: "bigint" } =>
data.value.endsWith("n")
)
.morph((data) => BigInt(data.value.slice(-1)))

// data inferred as bigint | undefined
export const { data, problems } = parseBigintLiteral({value: "999n", format: "bigint"})
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12 Replies
Dimava
Dimava15mo ago
I'm now asking for overview of unawailable syntax (i'm too sleepy to lol, so) huh
ssalbdivad
ssalbdivad15mo ago
Sorry can't answer that without this https://github.com/arktypeio/arktype/issues/815
GitHub
Negated types · Issue #815 · arktypeio/arktype
This would allow some or all types to be negated (likely using a new ! operator). The challenge here would be integrating these checks with the type system so that intersections can still be reduce...
Dimava
Dimava15mo ago
I mean more like not-in-0.14 / not-inplemented / not-planned
ssalbdivad
ssalbdivad15mo ago
My response was a joke but the best thing to do is look at the unit tests. The organization isn't perfect but it's good. Anything that's commented out don't count on everything else is planned
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Unknown User12mo ago
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Dimava
Dimava12mo ago
@jakub yes (why didn't you just try it)
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Unknown User12mo ago
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Dimava
Dimava12mo ago
(Recently someone asked (another) question with the why didn't you try reason being afk)
ssalbdivad
ssalbdivad12mo ago
Yes you can include arbitrary spaces between operators/operands
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Unknown User8mo ago
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ssalbdivad
ssalbdivad8mo ago
Yeah you can do ["instanceof", File] Or instanceOf(File) with the helper method
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Unknown User8mo ago
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