Java Community | Help. Code. Learn.•7d ago

Adding character/s to a string has two different variations.

If you add two characters to a string you get an int as an output but when you add one character it works. Please explain. Here is an example with output for reference.

String str = "eeksforGeeks";

        // Inserting at the beginning
        String str2 ='[' +'['+ str;

        // Print and display the above string
        System.out.println(str2);
      str2='['+str;
      System.out.println(str2);

String str = "eeksforGeeks";

        // Inserting at the beginning
        String str2 ='[' +'['+ str;

        // Print and display the above string
        System.out.println(str2);
      str2='['+str;
      System.out.println(str2);

Output-: 182eeksforGeeks [eeksforGeeks

8 Replies

JavaBot•7d ago

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Kyo-chan•7d ago

That's an unfortunate result of the fact that operator + may mean addition or concatenation And also of the fact that Java sees the char type as a number with weird literals If you apply operator + with any of its two operands being a non-wrapped object, then it is concatenation. It will produce a String which is the result of converting operands to String as needed, and then producing the String that is the first operand's String immediately followed by the second's. If you apply operator + on two number operands, then it is addition. And chars are seen as numbers. So it adds '[' and '[', which is 182. Then it concatenates 182 with "eeksforGeeks"

JavaBot•7d ago

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theash2473OP•3d ago

Forgot to mention what I found. If first two operands has a string then it will become a string no matter how many oeprands. Otherwise it will be converted to an int.

theash2473OP•3d ago

Mentioned in here - https://stackoverflow.com/a/8688708/10841645

Stack Overflow

In Java, is the result of the addition of two chars an int or a char?

When adding 'a' + 'b' it produces 195. Is the output datatype char or int?

theash2473OP•3d ago

Sample code to understand all cases.

String str = "eeksforGeeks";
String str2 = '[' + '[' + str;// first two operands is char so it becomes an int
System.out.println(str2);
str2 = '[' + str;// string gets concatenated with char and returns a string
System.out.println(str2);
str2 = 'a' + "" + 'b';// Trick to convert concatenated chars to a string where "" has to be put among the first two operands
System.out.println(str2);
str2 = 'a' + 'b' + "";// chars get converted to int instead because "" is not among the first two operands
System.out.println(str2);
str2 = str + 's' + 's';// concatenated successfully to string str
System.out.println(str2);
str2 = "" + 's' + 'a' + 'd';// Once it is converted to a string through "" we can add multiple chars to it in the same statement
System.out.println(str2);

String str = "eeksforGeeks";
String str2 = '[' + '[' + str;// first two operands is char so it becomes an int
System.out.println(str2);
str2 = '[' + str;// string gets concatenated with char and returns a string
System.out.println(str2);
str2 = 'a' + "" + 'b';// Trick to convert concatenated chars to a string where "" has to be put among the first two operands
System.out.println(str2);
str2 = 'a' + 'b' + "";// chars get converted to int instead because "" is not among the first two operands
System.out.println(str2);
str2 = str + 's' + 's';// concatenated successfully to string str
System.out.println(str2);
str2 = "" + 's' + 'a' + 'd';// Once it is converted to a string through "" we can add multiple chars to it in the same statement
System.out.println(str2);

Kyo-chan•3d ago

Right. It's what I said above, and operators are evaluated left to right

JavaBot•3d ago

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Adding character/s to a string has two different variations.