Why does a jpg link take up more vertical space than just the jpg?

I have the following code:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>testing</title>
    <style>
      html, body {
        box-sizing: border-box;
        background-color: black;
        height: 100dvh;
        margin: 0px;
      }

      .wrapper {
        height: 100dvh;
        display: flex;
        flex-direction: column;
        margin: auto;
        max-width: 1000px;
      }

      .content {
        display: flex;
        flex: 1;
        background-color:yellow;
        flex-direction: column;
      }

      .footer {
        background-color: red;
        display: flex;
        flex-direction: row;
        max-height: 40px;
        align-items: center;
        margin: 0px;
        padding: 0px;
      }
    </style>
  </head>

  <body>

    <div class = "wrapper">

      <div class = "content">
        content
      </div>

      <div class="footer">
        <img src="images/email40x40.jpg" height="40" alt="eMail joe">
      </div>

    </div>

  </body>

</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>testing</title>
    <style>
      html, body {
        box-sizing: border-box;
        background-color: black;
        height: 100dvh;
        margin: 0px;
      }

      .wrapper {
        height: 100dvh;
        display: flex;
        flex-direction: column;
        margin: auto;
        max-width: 1000px;
      }

      .content {
        display: flex;
        flex: 1;
        background-color:yellow;
        flex-direction: column;
      }

      .footer {
        background-color: red;
        display: flex;
        flex-direction: row;
        max-height: 40px;
        align-items: center;
        margin: 0px;
        padding: 0px;
      }
    </style>
  </head>

  <body>

    <div class = "wrapper">

      <div class = "content">
        content
      </div>

      <div class="footer">
        <img src="images/email40x40.jpg" height="40" alt="eMail joe">
      </div>

    </div>

  </body>

</html>

It works as I would expect with no scrollbar. If I make the jpg in the footer a link like the following:

  <div class="footer">
    <a href="mailto:[email protected]" title="eMail joe">
      <img src="images/email40x40.jpg" height="40" alt="eMail joe"></a>
  </div>

  <div class="footer">
    <a href="mailto:[email protected]" title="eMail joe">
      <img src="images/email40x40.jpg" height="40" alt="eMail joe"></a>
  </div>

I suddenly get a scrollbar. Why is that? How do I keep it from happening if I want to keep the same footer height. You can use any 40 jpg to see this behavior. Thanks, Alan

5 Replies

suethepooh•3mo ago

images default to inline display. this leaves room for a decender. you could change vertical align to bottom, or change display to something other than inline.

Alan•3mo ago

Hi Sue: Can you give me an example of what I should change it to? Thanks, Alan

DEEP KOTHARI 🚀•3mo ago

img{ max-width:100%; display:block; }

Alan•3mo ago

Thank you!

DEEP KOTHARI 🚀•3mo ago

put this in stylesheet so it will apply on all images

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Why does a jpg link take up more vertical space than just the jpg?