Modular•6mo ago

Iterating over Strings containing Unicode characters?

Has anyone figured out how to do this? Maxim's code works perfectly for getting the count of printable characters in a String.

alias simd_width_u8 = simdwidthof[DType.uint8]()

fn rune_count_in_string(s: String) -> Int:
    var p = s._as_ptr().bitcast[DType.uint8]()
    var string_byte_length = len(s)
    var result = 0

    @parameter
    fn count[simd_width: Int](offset: Int):
        result += (
            ((p.load[width=simd_width](offset) >> 6) != 0b10)
            .cast[DType.uint8]()
            .reduce_add()
            .to_int()
        )

    vectorize[count, simd_width_u8](string_byte_length)
    return result

alias simd_width_u8 = simdwidthof[DType.uint8]()

fn rune_count_in_string(s: String) -> Int:
    var p = s._as_ptr().bitcast[DType.uint8]()
    var string_byte_length = len(s)
    var result = 0

    @parameter
    fn count[simd_width: Int](offset: Int):
        result += (
            ((p.load[width=simd_width](offset) >> 6) != 0b10)
            .cast[DType.uint8]()
            .reduce_add()
            .to_int()
        )

    vectorize[count, simd_width_u8](string_byte_length)
    return result

And the ord and chr changes from the nightly branch help with handling conversion of a single character. But I've been unable to iterate through the codepoints of a string, as iterating through the bytes doesn't work for this use case. It's all fairly new to me, so I'm curious if anyone has already solved this problem 🙂

4 Replies

Maxim•6mo ago

I am looking into proper Unicode support for String, but it might take a while and probably will be started as a proposal first. You can have a pick at the ord implement I submitted in the nightly, It should give you an idea how to write a function to iterate over the runes.

toasty•6mo ago

Thanks for responding! I’ve been taking a look through those changes, I’ll post here if I do figure out how to iterate over runes

Maxim•6mo ago

Hey, here is an implementation for a char iterator:

from math.bit import ctlz

fn string_iterator(s: String, it: fn (String)->None):
    var bytes = len(s)
    var p = s._as_ptr().bitcast[DType.uint8]()
    while bytes > 0:
        var char_length = ((p.load() >> 7 == 0).cast[DType.uint8]() * 1 + ctlz(~p.load())).to_int()
        var sp = DTypePointer[DType.int8].alloc(char_length + 1)
        memcpy(sp, p.bitcast[DType.int8](), char_length)
        sp[char_length] = 0
        it(String(sp, char_length + 1))
        bytes -= char_length
        p += char_length

fn main():
    fn print_str(s: String):
        print(s)
    string_iterator("Hello World", print_str)
    string_iterator("Hello 🔥, How is it 🦵🏼 today?", print_str)

from math.bit import ctlz

fn string_iterator(s: String, it: fn (String)->None):
    var bytes = len(s)
    var p = s._as_ptr().bitcast[DType.uint8]()
    while bytes > 0:
        var char_length = ((p.load() >> 7 == 0).cast[DType.uint8]() * 1 + ctlz(~p.load())).to_int()
        var sp = DTypePointer[DType.int8].alloc(char_length + 1)
        memcpy(sp, p.bitcast[DType.int8](), char_length)
        sp[char_length] = 0
        it(String(sp, char_length + 1))
        bytes -= char_length
        p += char_length

fn main():
    fn print_str(s: String):
        print(s)
    string_iterator("Hello World", print_str)
    string_iterator("Hello 🔥, How is it 🦵🏼 today?", print_str)

As you can see on the second example it works for runes but does not work for grapheme clusters. 🦵🏼 is iterated over as 🦵 + the skin tone. This however

string_iterator("'米くを舵4物委らご氏松ハナテフ月関ソ時平ふいの博情れじフ牟万い元56園フメヤオ試図ロツヤ未備王こと傷喫羅踊んゆし。", print_str)

works as you would expect as there are no grapheme clusters

toasty•6mo ago

That’s awesome, thank you! I’ll give it a go in a bit Works well 👍 I was trying to iterate over Strings with unicode characters and ANSI escape sequences. I was able to drop in the logic as a replacement for a for loop over the range of len(src).

    # write truncates content at the given printable cell width, leaving any
    # ansi sequences intact.
    fn write(inout self, src: List[Int8]) -> Result[Int]:
        # TODO: Normally rune length
        var tw = printable_rune_width(self.tail)

        if self.width < UInt8(tw):
            return self.ansi_writer.forward.write_string(self.tail)

        self.width -= UInt8(tw)
        var cur_width: UInt8 = 0

        # Rune iterator
        var bytes = len(src)
        var p = DTypePointer[DType.int8](src.data.value).bitcast[DType.uint8]()
        while bytes > 0:
            var char_length = ((p.load() >> 7 == 0).cast[DType.uint8]() * 1 + ctlz(~p.load())).to_int()
            var sp = DTypePointer[DType.int8].alloc(char_length + 1)
            memcpy(sp, p.bitcast[DType.int8](), char_length)
            sp[char_length] = 0

            # Functional logic
            var char = String(sp, char_length + 1)
            if char == Marker:
                # ANSI escape sequence
                self.ansi = True
            elif self.ansi:
                if is_terminator(ord(char)):
                    # ANSI sequence terminated
                    self.ansi = False
            else:
                cur_width += UInt8(printable_rune_width(char))

            if cur_width > self.width:
                var n = self.ansi_writer.forward.write_string(self.tail)
                if self.ansi_writer.last_sequence() != "":
                    self.ansi_writer.reset_ansi()
                return n

            _ = self.ansi_writer.write(char.as_bytes())

            bytes -= char_length
            p += char_length

    # write truncates content at the given printable cell width, leaving any
    # ansi sequences intact.
    fn write(inout self, src: List[Int8]) -> Result[Int]:
        # TODO: Normally rune length
        var tw = printable_rune_width(self.tail)

        if self.width < UInt8(tw):
            return self.ansi_writer.forward.write_string(self.tail)

        self.width -= UInt8(tw)
        var cur_width: UInt8 = 0

        # Rune iterator
        var bytes = len(src)
        var p = DTypePointer[DType.int8](src.data.value).bitcast[DType.uint8]()
        while bytes > 0:
            var char_length = ((p.load() >> 7 == 0).cast[DType.uint8]() * 1 + ctlz(~p.load())).to_int()
            var sp = DTypePointer[DType.int8].alloc(char_length + 1)
            memcpy(sp, p.bitcast[DType.int8](), char_length)
            sp[char_length] = 0

            # Functional logic
            var char = String(sp, char_length + 1)
            if char == Marker:
                # ANSI escape sequence
                self.ansi = True
            elif self.ansi:
                if is_terminator(ord(char)):
                    # ANSI sequence terminated
                    self.ansi = False
            else:
                cur_width += UInt8(printable_rune_width(char))

            if cur_width > self.width:
                var n = self.ansi_writer.forward.write_string(self.tail)
                if self.ansi_writer.last_sequence() != "":
                    self.ansi_writer.reset_ansi()
                return n

            _ = self.ansi_writer.write(char.as_bytes())

            bytes -= char_length
            p += char_length

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Iterating over Strings containing Unicode characters?